Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia (FFA)

Symptoms
The symptoms of FFA (Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia) can vary but often include:

• Receding hairline, usually at the front and sides of the scalp.
• Visible reduction of eyebrow hair.
• Redness and scaling around the hair follicles at the edge of the hairline.
• Sometimes, itching or a burning sensation in the affected area.

Causes
The exact cause of FFA is not fully understood but is thought to be related to:

• Immune system reactions: Where the body mistakenly attacks hair follicle cells.
• Hormonal changes: Particularly after menopause, which may explain the higher prevalence in postmenopausal women.
• Genetic factors: There is evidence that heredity plays a role, although specific genes have yet to be identified.

Diagnosis
The diagnosis of FFA is made by a dermatologist based on:

• Medical history and physical examination: Assessment of the symptoms and the patterns of hair loss.
• Skin biopsy: A small piece of skin with hair is removed and examined under a microscope to detect signs of inflammation and scarring.
• Blood tests: May be performed to rule out other causes of hair loss.

Treatment
The treatment of FFA focuses on stopping the progression of hair loss and reducing inflammation. Treatment options may include:

• Topical corticosteroids: To reduce inflammation.
• Intralesional corticosteroid injections: Directly into the affected area.
• Antimalarial drugs: Such as hydroxychloroquine, may be used for their immunomodulatory effects.

Self-Care

• Avoid aggressive hair treatments: Such as frequent heat styling and chemical treatments that can damage the hair.
• Use mild hair care products: Opt for sulfate-free shampoos and conditioners.
• Protect your scalp from the sun: Wear hats or use sunscreen for the scalp to prevent further irritation.
• Diet: Consider a diet rich in vitamins and minerals that can support hair health, such as vitamin D, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids.