With ringworm, there is usually only one affected area that is clearly defined, which slowly enlarges to a diameter of 10 cm or more. The skin is somewhat thickened and flakes, especially at the edge of the area. On the palm or sole, there can be a fine white scaling that strongly whitens the skin lines. On the soles, a fungal infection often begins with a few itchy blisters.
Symptoms
- Skin: Red, itchy, circular patches that gradually increase in size. The edges are often raised and flaky.
- Scalp: Can lead to bald patches, scaling, and sometimes black dots where hair breaks off.
- Nails: Nails can thicken, discolor, and even crumble.
- Symptoms usually appear within 10 days of exposure.
Causes
Ringworm is caused by a fungus. These fungi live on the dead layer of skin and spread easily from person to person, or even by contact with contaminated animals or objects. Warm, moist environments promote the growth of these fungi.
Diagnosis
Doctors can usually diagnose ringworm based on the appearance of the skin. Sometimes, a sample of the affected skin can be taken and examined under a microscope or cultured in a laboratory to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment
The treatment of ringworm depends on the location and severity of the infection:
- Skin: Antifungal creams and lotions available over the counter.
- Scalp and nails: Prescribed antifungal medications taken orally.
Self-care tips
Here are some self-care tips to help with the treatment and prevention of ringworm:
- Keep the affected area clean and dry.
- Use antifungal creams as recommended.
- Do not share personal items such as towels, hats, or hairbrushes.
- Wash your hands regularly, especially after touching pets.
- Wear slippers in public showers and locker rooms.
Other
- Ringworm does not involve actual worms; the condition is named for the ring-shaped rash it often causes.
